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Description

This series of lessons will introduce you economic data that economists use to assess the health of the economy. You will act (with some guidance) as the doctor, checking the data and deciding whether further treatment is necessary.

Box 1 - Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: All Items

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FRED Graph

Box 2 - Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: All Items

319.615
Index 1982-1984=100
March 2025

Box 3 - Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: All Items

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FRED Graph

Box 4 - CPI, percentage change from a year ago

Percent Change from Year Ago
Date
Value
Mar 20252.406
Feb 20252.814
Jan 20252.999
Dec 20242.872
Nov 20242.714
Oct 20242.571
Sep 20242.433
Aug 20242.611
Jul 20242.938
Jun 20242.970
May 20243.239
Apr 20243.354
Mar 20243.469
Feb 20243.166
Jan 20243.108
Dec 20233.322
Nov 20233.140
Oct 20233.247
Sep 20233.695
Aug 20233.719

Box 5 - CPI and PCE

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FRED Graph

Note

Box 6

The graph in box 7 shows the inflation rate of the economy using two different measures of inflation – the CPI and the Personal Consumption Expenditures (PCE). The Federal Reserve uses the PCE measure of inflation to check whether it is achieving its 2 percent inflation goal. Notice that the two measures of inflation are very similar. The horizontal line represents the Federal Reserve’s 2 percent target.

Box 7 - CPI and Core CPI

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FRED Graph

Box 8 - Core CPI

Percent Change from Year Ago
Date
Value
Mar 20252.809
Feb 20253.144
Jan 20253.292
Dec 20243.214
Nov 20243.280
Oct 20243.293
Sep 20243.290
Aug 20243.292
Jul 20243.228
Jun 20243.261
May 20243.391
Apr 20243.624
Mar 20243.815
Feb 20243.768
Jan 20243.867
Dec 20233.914
Nov 20234.015
Oct 20234.026
Sep 20234.135
Aug 20234.405

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